This course explores psychological and sociological concepts, research, and applications of relevance to medical imaging technologists in training and in clinical practice. This course is designed to enhance knowledge and skills of human relations to support medical radiography students learning and clinical performance. Interactions with patients are often brief and associated with trauma or health crisis in a harried work environment. The practice of the technologist must be “automatic” yet open to the demands of the particular situation. The technologist must be able to establish a “competent rapport” quickly and work with it flexibly. As well, the technologist must be able to function effectively as part of a team in the face of a changing technological environment. Emphasis is on improving sensitivity and human relations skills in dealing with patients, colleagues, and in terms of self-care.

This course is the first of three consecutive courses examining normal human structure and function. Three approaches to anatomy are utilized: first, an examination of selected body systems, followed by a regional approach, relating components of these systems to nearby organs. Finally the systems and regional viewpoints are integrated into a sectional imaging approach, viewing parts of the body in all three fundamental body planes, and in oblique planes where appropriate. Conventional anatomic presentations are supplemented by images obtained from a variety of diagnostic medical imaging technologies. Physiology is presented where it is relevant to, and contributes to an understanding of structure, the relationships among adjacent organs, to fundamental body processes, functional diagnostic imaging procedures and important clinical considerations. Topics include a review of cell biology and homeostasis, followed by examination of the integumentary, musculoskeletal, pulmonary, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems.

This course is designed to provide students with the knowledge needed to operate radiographic and accessory imaging equipment in the clinical environment. It covers the technical and physical principles affecting the radiographic image acquisition, processing, display, and storage. The curriculum is based on digital imaging environments. Topics include in-depth study of the structural design of a radiographic system’s components (x-ray tube, table, bucky, and generator). Also of importance are factors that influence the resultant image such as patient variables, technical exposure factors, beam geometry, equipment malfunction, programmed image algorithms, and post acquisition processing tools. Random computed radiographic images will be used to discuss variables in quality and diagnostic parameters with respect to providing solutions based on technical, equipment, exposure technique, or patient influence. The imaging principles of fluoroscopic equipment used in the general imaging department as well as mobile units and mobile C-arms will be covered. The design, construction, advantages, and challenges of producing images with this type of equipment will be discussed in depth.

This course introduces the student to the clinical environment through online delivery of theory and visual presentation. The topics include essential elements of the general imaging department such as workflow, patient and departmental documentation, the role of the technologist in the workplace and their relationship with patients and other healthcare members. This includes acceptable behaviour and professionalism in the Imaging department. The student will become familiar with hospital/department administrative levels, workplace safety regulations, incident/abuse reporting procedures and medical information documentation requirements. Students will be prepared for their first clinical experience through an understanding of radiation protection procedures and regulations concerning all members of the workplace. The Workplace Hazardous Materials Information Systems (WHMIS) will be covered in detail. This course will be delivered in a blended manner utilizing online and face to face resources and instruction.

The students in this blended course will gain knowledge and skills for patient care as required prior, during, and post imaging exams. They will be introduced to imaging accessory equipment and patient support equipment used in the operating room, patient’s room, and the emergency/trauma areas. Students will gain skills in preparing sterile surgical trays, injectable medication, and application of oxygen supply, ECG leads, and intravenous lines. Students will also focus on the atypical patient. Through the study of various patient disability scenarios (physical, mental, and emotional), students will plan patient specific care models. This course will provide the knowledge and skills to effectively manage patients during imaging procedures for the post surgical patient, critical/trauma patient, and those with life lines and tube attachment. It will also provide the theory and practice for assessment of patient vital signs and basic ECG’s. The skills required for the preparation of IV contrast media for imaging examinations will be covered. Theory will be supported with supervised laboratory activities designed to give students opportunities to apply their critical thinking and manual skills to a variety of patient care situations. Topics in this course will be aligned to complement and support other Medical Radiography courses.

This course is the first of three focusing on patient care, medicolegal documentation, image production, and diagnostic quality. This course provides the theory required to perform basic imaging procedures of the axial (vertebrae and thoracic cage) and appendicular skeletons (excluding skull), chest, and abdomen as well as the skills to assess the images for these procedures. In addition, students will learn the positioning requirements and patient care associated with gastrointestinal system examinations. Emphasis is placed on routine positioning as well as problem solving for atypical patients and their specific physical, emotional, and psychological needs.

This course is the first of two applied laboratory courses focusing on patient care, documentation, image production and quality. This course provides the opportunity to practice skills required to perform basic imaging procedures of the axial (vertebrae and thoracic cage) and appendicular skeletons (excluding skull), chest, and abdomen. Students will also practice the positioning requirements and patient care associated with gastrointestinal system examinations. Emphasis is placed on routine positioning as well problem solving for atypical patients and equipment challenges.

This course parallels and supports topics presented in Relational Anatomy and Physiology 1. The content will be covered in a laboratory environment using digital patient images, and anatomical models. The content will provide an in-depth focus of the entire skeleton (except cranium) and the digestive system. Patient images will include sectional presentation where applicable. This course will also provide the anatomical information required for Radiographic Procedures 1 lecture, positioning and critique laboratory sessions. This course will be delivered in a blended manner utilizing online and face to face resources and instruction.

This is an introductory level course that emphasizes the application of physical phenomena in medical radiography. Topics include structure of matter, electromagnetic radiation, electrostatics, direct and alternating current circuits, magnetism, and production of x-rays. The physics of x-ray tubes and the x-ray generator components, including heat dissipation, will also be discussed. Students will relate the production of radiation to a resultant radiographic image. Also discussed will be radiation exposure factors/setting and their direct effect on image diagnostic quality.

This is the first of three clinical education courses. The students will be provided with ample opportunities to apply their patient care and patient positioning skills. With this extended term, the students will attain both competency and confidence in the imaging workplace. The primary focus is for patient examinations of the entire skeleton (except cranium), chest, abdomen, and gastrointestinal contrast studies. Students will be scheduled in all areas related to patient imaging practice such as general imaging department, acute/trauma areas, operating room, patient wards, and outpatient clinics. Patient competency evaluations will be performed on patients with varying medical acuity. Prerequisite: Successful completion of all Level 1 courses

This on-line course provides an introduction to general pathology and specifics of bone pathology. The students will study commonly occurring bone fractures seen in the clinical environment. Emphasis is placed on recognition of fractures and subsequent changes to required patient care and exposure factors. The theoretical component will be supported by images demonstrating normal and pathological presentations. This course will be delivered completely on-line utilizing both on-line resources and instruction. Prerequisites: BHSC 2214 and MRAD 2230

This online course will provide students with a knowledge of radiation biology so that they can apply effective radiation protection measures to patients, personnel, and members of the public in meeting the entry to practice competencies of the CAMRT for radiation, health, and safety in radiology. The first part of this course deals with a rationale for radiation protection and the fundamental concepts of Radiobiology through a discussion of radiation interaction with tissue, radiosensitivity, and early and late effects of radiation. In the second part of the course, the current standards for radiation protection are introduced. First, the principles of radiation protection and the establishment of dose limits are described. This is followed by a discussion of various methods used to minimize radiation dose to both patients and personnel. The course concludes with a discussion of the Canadian Radiation Protection Safety Code, SC 35, on topics defined by the CAMRT competencies and how they relate to the factors affecting dose to patients, personnel, and members of the public. Finally, it is important to note that all radiation protection codes covered in this course will be those for Canada (SC 35: see reference listed in the Required Learning Resources of this course outline) and not for the United States as described in Bushong’s textbook on radiologic science. Prerequisites: MRAD 1202 and BHSC 2214 and PHYS 1276

This course is the second of three consecutive courses examining normal human structure and function. It is available on-line after completion of the first clinical experience. During this course, the pancreas, biliary and genitourinary systems are examined and related to adjacent structures. Emphasis is placed on the gross anatomy, location and anatomical relationships among component organs within the abdominopelvic cavity. These areas of study are then integrated into a sectional imaging approach, viewing parts of the body in all three fundamental body planes. Conventional anatomic presentations are supplemented by images obtained from a variety of diagnostic medical imaging technologies. Physiology is presented where it is relevant to, and contributes to, an understanding of structure and the relationships among adjacent organs, fundamental body processes, functional diagnostic imaging procedures, and important clinical considerations. Prerequisites: BHSC 2214 and MRAD 2208 and MRAD 2230

This online course deals with emerging and ethical issues in the Canadian healthcare system. Students will study current and emerging issues in the healthcare system such as organizational change, resource management, departmental operation, and professionalism in the workplace. In addition, public versus private healthcare will be reviewed. Ethical issues encountered in the current healthcare environment will be studied by applying the ethical theories, the professional code of ethics and standards of practice.

This online course will provide the students with the basic skill set to perform common CT scan examinations. Emphasis will be placed on practical application and theoretical concepts of CT imaging. Students will cover the patient care requirements and image acceptability criteria. Class discussions/blogs will bring relevance of theory to examinations currently performed in the clinical environment. The students will focus on basic CT scan protocols for the head, neck, chest, abdomen and pelvis, spine and extremities. Commonly occurring pathologies will be described and identified with supporting images and referenced to normal presentations. The required patient care for prior, during, and post examination will be emphasized. Anatomical considerations in axial, sagittal, and coronal planes on CT images will be assessed. There will be an overview of the CT scanning equipment with a main focus on accessory equipment (injector pumps, patient restraints and supports), emergency support equipment, and contrast media (selection, dosage, adverse reactions, and patient care). Prerequisites: BHSC 2214 and MRAD 2208 and MRAD 2230

This online course introduces the student to the fundamentals of specialized and interventional procedures in medical imaging. Students will focus on the anatomical and radiographic presentation for specific procedures, these being angiography, angioplasty, embolizations, stent insertions, endografts and ablations. Students will also study specific biliary, gastrointestinal, renal, cardiac and musculoskeletal interventions. The curriculum identifies commonly used surgical instruments, angiography catheters, contrast media, and relevant technical exposure factors relative to specific procedures. This course will cover routine examinations for mammography, studies of the female reproductive system, and bone mineral densitometry (BMD). It will include patient care, equipment, normal and variant results, as well as the technologist’s role for each of these procedures. The curricula will be illustrated and delivered through online learning modules, online demonstrations, audiovisual aids, and student projects. Prerequisites: MRAD 1209

This is the second of three clinical education courses. The students will continue working on their patient care and positioning skills providing them with opportunities to become both competent and confident in a different imaging department. The focus will be on attaining competencies on procedures of the entire skeleton (excluding cranium and thoracic cage), chest, abdomen, gastrointestinal system, fluoro and operating room procedures. In addition, students will gain experience in CT, bone mineral density, mammography and interventional procedures. Students will be scheduled in all areas related to patient imaging practice such as general imaging department, acute/trauma areas, operating room, patient wards, and outpatient clinics. In addition, students will be scheduled on various shifts including days, afternoons, nights and weekends to experience a variety of procedures. Patient competency evaluations will be performed on patients with varying medical acuity. Students will have weekly academic time of one (1) day per week for self-directed online didactic course requirements. Prerequisites: MRAD 2208 and all Level 2 courses

This online course will introduce students to complementary imaging and related health disciplines such as Nuclear Medicine, Sonography, Magnetic Resonance, Cardiology, Radiation Therapy, and Medical Laboratory. Each of these professions contributes to the patient’s overall diagnosis and treatment planning. The information from these areas will be correlated to fully understand the patient’s medical circumstances. Although the curricula will be cursory, it will provide insight and understanding amongst the professional staff. An optional assignment will include shadowing a technologist in one of these technologies.

The course begins with a look at the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system. Switching to a regional approach, we will examine the contents of the head and neck, namely the brain and spinal cord, The sectional anatomy of the head and neck will examine the parts of the brain as seen in images in all three fundamental body planes. The course then turns to the study of blood and the vascular system including systemic and pulmonary circulation, cardiovascular physiology and finally cardiopulmonary physiology. Switching to a regional approach the course focuses on the circulatory system within the cranial, thoracic cavity and abdominal and pelvic cavities. Sectional images in all three fundamental body planes will used to demonstrate these vascular structures and used to describe their relationships to organs of the cranial, thoracic, abdominal and pelvic cavities as well as the upper and lower limbs. Physiology is presented where it is relevant to, and contributes to, an understanding of structure and the relationships among adjacent organs, fundamental body processes, functional diagnostic imaging procedures and important clinical considerations. Prerequisites: BHSC 3214

As a Medical Imaging Technologist, you will be professionally communicating on many technical and interpersonal levels with colleagues and other medical personnel, clients, and patients. COMM 4273 introduces you to the research and workplace communication skills you require to be successful in your career. As students and professionals, you will often act as a translator of technical information for patients, giving them instructions and explanations about imaging technology and exams. You will also contribute to the Imaging Department’s team by making suggestions for improving patient care and departmental efficiency. Skills in assessing the needs of audiences and situations are fundamental in deciding what information to provide and how to say it in a way that will be understood and well received. As a member of an Imaging department and profession, you will share information and best practices with colleagues and may collaborate in applied research to advance the practice. In this course you will initiate and complete a research paper related to medical imaging and present your research as an oral presentation to your fellow students and instructors.

This course is divided into two parts: Part A will explore the structure and function of specialized x-ray tubes including recent innovations in x-ray tube technology, mammographic imaging, digital flat-panel radiography, digital mammography, including digital tomosynthesis of the breast, digital fluoroscopy, and Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS), including the goals of Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise (IHE). Part B will describe the concepts of Total Quality Management (TQM), Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) and the Elements of Quality Assurance (QA) and Quality Control (QC) in Radiology. In particular, QC tests will be discussed for film-screen systems, digital imaging systems, including digital radiography, fluoroscopy, and mammography with particular reference to Safety Code 35. Prerequisites: MRAD 1202

This course is a continuation of Radiographic Procedures 1 and 2. Students will build on their core knowledge from previous courses and clinical practica. The focus for this course is on specialized examinations of the skeleton and joints, cranium, thoracic cage, trauma and OR procedures. Students will also study the radiographic examinations of the complete urinary system, as well as venipuncture and urinary catheterization. In addition, students will continue to build their skills in critiquing images for diagnostic and technical acceptability. Prerequisites: MRAD 2209

This course is an applied procedures course in a simulated setting. Students will practice positioning for the procedures covered in the Radiographic Procedures 3 course. In addition, students will use their knowledge from previous courses and clinical practica to solve case-study situations and produce required images. For the skill competencies, students will focus on specialized examinations of the skeleton and joints, cranium, thoracic cage, trauma, and urinary procedures. Students will also perform venipuncture and urinary catheterization procedures on simulated patients. Prerequisites: MRAD 2209

This course builds on Pathology 1 by providing theory describing complex bone pathologies resulting from trauma and disease. Emphasis will be placed on discerning between benign versus malignant bony pathologies. The main focus of this course is commonly occurring pathological processes and their radiographic presentations of the following anatomical systems: respiratory, gastrointestinal, urinary, reproductive, cardiovascular, nervous (including brain), lymphoreticular, and endocrine. This course will be delivered in a blended manner utilizing online and face-to-face resources and instruction. Prerequisites: BHSC 3214 and MRAD 2218

This course will be delivered in a blended manner utilizing online and face to face instruction. The curriculum of this course parallels and emphasizes topics presented in Relational Anatomy and Physiology 3. The course content will be covered in a laboratory environment using patient images and anatomical models. This course will focus on the understanding of sectional images as represented in various body planes. The curriculum will provide a focus on the cardiovascular, nervous (CNS), digestive, urinary, reproductive and respiratory systems, cranium, neck, thorax, spine, abdomen, pelvis and extremities as viewed in CT and MRI images. This course provides an understanding of several additional courses such as Radiographic Procedures 3, Pathology 2 and CT Clinical Application. Prerequisites: BHSC 3214 and MRAD 2230

This course deals with the physical principles and technological aspects of Computed Tomography (CT). First the physical principles are described followed by a description of data acquisition concepts and the fundamentals of image reconstruction. In addition, the major components of a CT scanner will be outlined and image manipulation of the CT image will be described. Secondly, the technical principles of multi-slice CT (MSCT) systems including evolution of MSCT systems, physical principles, and equipment will be explained. In particular, important concepts such as multi-row detector technology and associated electronics and pitch will be elaborated. Furthermore, the major considerations in addressing the connection of the CT scanner to a Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) will be highlighted. Finally, the course will conclude with an overview of image quality, radiation dose, and quality control (QC) aspects and specific quality tests for CT. Prerequisites: MRAD 1202 and MRAD 4500 and PHYS 1276

This course emphasizes the application of physical phenomena in medical radiography. Topics include electromagnetic spectrum, nuclear reactions and radioactive decay, mechanisms of attenuation and their effects on radiation production. The elements of image production and quality will be discussed relevant to quantum noise, spatial resolution, and Nyquist theorem. Students will cover the use of solid state physics, detectors, and analog to digital converters in modern imaging equipment. In addition, the physics of CCD cameras, photo stimulable phosphor plates, and other x-ray detectors will be discussed. This course requires the students to perform precise measurement, graph plotting, and data interpretation. Prerequisites: PHYS 1276

This online course builds upon the core curriculum and provides the opportunity for students to integrate and synthesize the knowledge, skills, judgments, and attitudes gained through the various BCIT Medical Radiography courses and clinical practice sessions. Students will use a variety of academic learning tools to solidify knowledge and further develop critical thinking skills towards making informed decisions in the clinical setting. Through guided self‐study and assessments, the student will develop effective study skills to prepare for the CAMRT certification examination and improve the necessary analytical skills required in the clinical setting. This course will be delivered completely online utilizing both online resources and instruction. Prerequisite: Courses in Levels 1-4 of the Medical Radiography program.

This is the last of three clinical education courses. The students will refine their skills obtained during their previous clinical experiences. Students will be required to demonstrate competency on all general and specialized imaging procedures. Students will be scheduled in all areas related to patient imaging practice such as general and specialized areas. In addition, students will be scheduled on various shifts including days, afternoons, evenings and weekends to experience a variety of procedures and complete the outstanding Portfolio requirements. Patient competency evaluations will be performed on patients with varying medical acuities. Students will have weekly academic time of ½ day per week for self-directed online didactic course requirements. Prerequisites: MRAD 3208 and all Level 4 courses